(Singular demonstrative pronoun)--

This, That

• As a subject:
  • This has been a difficult decade for the U.S. Presidency.
  • That is whom you should meet at the dinner at the Corcoran Gallery.
• As a direct object:
  • Would you deliver this?
  • The demands on the President's time had knocked that off the schedule.
• As an object of the preposition:
  • Does the shirt you bough go with this?
  • Steve will put the a new coat of paint on that if necessary.

When referring to a plural place, thing or idea use these demonstrative pronouns:

(Plural demonstrative pronoun)--

These, Those

• As a subject:
  • These are the preferred pens in this department.
  • Those attempting to purchase handguns must wait seven days.
• As a direct object:
  • Will Alan find these in time?
  • Beth donated those to the team.
• As an object of the preposition:
  • Please climb over these before you continue the course.
  • Chris can work with those.

BEWARE: Remember just like other pronouns, a demonstrative pronoun stands in for a noun. The same words that act as demonstrative pronouns may act as adjectives when they are used to modify a noun rather than stand in for it. For example:

THIS

• Demonstrative pronoun:
  • This will lead us to the car.
• Adjective
  
  • This path is taking us in the wrong direction.
    

THAT

• Demonstrative pronoun:
  • That is not the best approach.
• Adjective
  
  • That approach will not work.
    

THOSE

• Demonstrative pronoun:
  • Those will work just fine.
• Adjective
  
  • Those plants were damaged by the frost.

THESE

• Demonstrative pronoun:
  • These look edible.
• Adjective
  
  • These berries are delicious.